Historical figure
Dharanindravarman II
Dharanindravarman II was a king of the Khmer Empire in the middle of the 12th century and the father of Jayavarman VII.[1] Maurice Glaize's list of kings, published in 1944, places his reign "towards 1150" and names him as the younger nephew of Jayavarman VI.[2]
Family
The stele of Preah Khan, an inscription of his son's reign, gives his family. In Thomas S. Maxwell's translation, he was the son of Mahidharaditya and Rajapatindralakshmi. The same text calls Mahidharaditya a nephew of Jayavarman VI and says that Mahidharaditya's sister was the mother of Suryavarman II.[3] His wife Jayarajacudamani, a daughter of King Harshavarman, bore him Jayavarman VII.[3]
Faith
The stele praises him first in the language of Hindu kingship, as a lord who honored the Brahmins, and then as a Buddhist. In Maxwell's translation, he bowed constantly before the feet of the Buddha, took his satisfaction from the Buddha's teaching, and gave much of his wealth to Buddhist monks and Brahmin priests who asked for it. Maxwell suggested that the king may have acted as a Hindu in his official role and as a Buddhist in private life, and that this may help explain his son's religious policies.[3]
Image at Preah Khan
Glaize wrote that the stele records the consecration there in 1191 of a statue of the bodhisattva Lokesvara, named Jayavarmesvara, as an image of Dharanindravarman. Ta Prohm was dedicated in the same way to Jayavarman VII's mother.[2] Maxwell describes the statue as a likeness of the father, named after the son, in the central sanctuary of the temple.[3]
Place in the succession
The order of the kings between Suryavarman II and Jayavarman VII is uncertain. The historian Michael Vickery wrote that George Coedès recognized that Dharanindravarman II followed Suryavarman II and was followed in turn by Yasovarman II and Tribhuvanadityavarman. Georges Maspéro had believed that Jayavarman VII came directly after his father.[4] Louise Roche noted that inscriptions of the period name three rulers, Tribhuvanadityavarman, Dharanindravarman II and Yasovarman II, which makes the exact order hard to reconstruct.[5] Some authors have dated the temple of Banteay Samre to his reign; Roche dated it to the third quarter of the 12th century and linked it with Tribhuvanadityavarman.[5]
References
- ↑ National Museum of Cambodia, Jayavarman VII (undated)
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Angkor Database, Maurice Glaize, The Monuments of the Angkor Group (1944; English translation of the fourth French edition)
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 Udaya, Journal of Khmer Studies 8, Thomas S. Maxwell, The Stele Inscription of Preah Khan, Angkor (2007)
- ↑ Asia Research Institute, Michael Vickery, Champa Revised, ARI Working Paper No. 37 (March 2005)
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 Arts Asiatiques 75, Louise Roche, Le sanctuaire de Banteay Samrae à Angkor : une fondation bouddhique du règne de Tribhuvanādityavarman (in French, 2020)